The government-commissioned review calls for better funding for students in vocational education.

Maintenance grants to support poorer students, scrapped in 2016, should also be reinstated, it says.

“I believe it is time to bring them back,” said Prime Minister Theresa May.

But Mrs May, soon to leave Downing Street, acknowledged the fate of the proposals would depend on the next prime minister.

“It will be up to the government to decide, at the upcoming spending review, whether to follow this recommendation,” she said.

The review warns that “some students are charged too much for their degrees” – and calls for the maximum fee to be reduced from £9,250 per year to £7,500, beginning from 2021-22.

This fee level would be frozen until 2023-24, says the review, after which it would rise with inflation.

Such changes to the level of fees would have to be approved by Parliament before they could be implemented.

Shakira Martin, president of the National Union of Students, said it would help to address “the debt aversion caused by high fees, high living costs and the lack of maintenance grants”.

But students would pay back loans for another decade. Instead of any unpaid loans being cancelled 30 years after graduation, deductions would continue for 40 years.

This could see graduates paying back loans through most of their working lives into their sixties.

Graduates would continue to be charged interest rates based on inflation plus 3% – but interest charges while students were still studying would be reduced.

Repayments would also begin at an earnings threshold of £23,000 rather than the current £25,000.

Martin Lewis, the founder of MoneySavingExpert who gave advice to the review, said he was pleased that the proposals would only affect new starters in the 2021/22 academic year.

But he told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme that while reducing tuition fees would be “psychologically beneficial” to everyone, the only people who would gain are the people who would clear the debt in full – meaning the highest earning graduates.

He said lowering the repayment threshold – the point at which you start repaying – will mean people will, on average, “pay £180 a year more”, and extending the repayment to 40 years will mean people will be repaying for most of their working lives.

“What we’ll see is we have a slight regressive change to the system which means people are paying more each year and repaying longer,” he added.

The wide-ranging report calls for the restoration of non-repayable maintenance grants for poorer students, worth up to £3,000 per year.

There would also be a “lifelong learning loan allowance”, accessible for those in upper levels of technical qualifications as well as universities, and open to mature students as well as school-leavers.

The cost of university accommodation should also be scrutinised by the regulator, the Office for Students, the review says.

Universities have complained that they would struggle with a loss of fee income – but the report says the gap should be made up with direct funding.

There would, however, be higher levels of funding for some subjects – such as those that are expensive to deliver or those considered by the government to be priorities.

The report highlights the need to shift more funding towards further education rather than universities.

“Our work revealed that post-18 education in England is a story of both care and neglect, depending on whether students are amongst the 50% of young people who participate in higher education or the rest,” said Dr Philip Augar, who chaired the review.

He warned that this “disparity simply has to be addressed” – with calls for more support for further education colleges, more access to loans for students, investment in staffing and £1bn extra for capital spending.

“For too long, we’ve had a system that works for half the population whilst neglecting the other half,” said David Hughes, chief executive of the Association of Colleges.

He welcomed the shift in emphasis to improving vocational education and tackling skills shortages, saying that the “education and training system is not delivering to meet these needs now, so changes and fairer investment are vital”.

Tim Bradshaw, chief executive of the Russell Group of universities, said extra funding for further education was “long overdue”.

But he warned that if the next prime minister went ahead with a fee cut, there needed to be a “cast-iron guarantee” that the funding shortfall would be replaced.

Labour’s shadow education secretary, Angela Rayner, said the review was “all talk, empty promises and very little action”.

With no guarantees of any extra funding to support it, she said the review “does nothing to address the burning injustices facing our education system”.

Education Secretary Damian Hinds defended the current student finance system as “fair and progressive” but said there were “also courses where value, in its widest sense, is not being delivered either to students or to taxpayers”.

The prime minister, who originally launched the review, welcomed its call for maintenance grants, both for university and vocational courses.

“My view is very clear – removing maintenance grants from the least well-off students has not worked,” said Mrs May.